X-ray diagnosis apparatus and a method for controlling an x-ray irradiation region

ABSTRACT

An X-ray diagnosis apparatus and a method for controlling an X-ray irradiation region that can appropriately narrow down an X-ray radiation aperture so as to fit a configuration of a region of interest during acquisition of X-ray projection data for reconstructing tomography images of an object. 
     Based on a plurality of 2D image data acquired through a preliminarily X-ray imaging, a 3D region of interest is set up on an examination target portion having a strong directionality. X-ray imaging of the 3D region of interest is performed by sliding and rotating a plurality of aperture blades in an X-ray collimator based on a projected figure of the 3D region of interest along successively renewed imaging directions around a periphery of an object.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is based on and claims the benefit of priority fromJapanese Patent Application No. 2009-166071, filed on Jul. 14, 2009, theentire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

A. Field

Embodiments described herein relate generally to an X-ray diagnosisapparatus and a method for controlling an X-ray irradiation region, andmore particularly, to an X-ray diagnosis apparatus and a method forcontrolling an X-ray irradiation region that can appropriately narrowdown an X-ray radiation aperture so as to fit a configuration of aregion of interest during acquisition of X-ray projection data forreconstructing tomography images of an object.

B. Background

Recent years, medical image diagnosis by using an X-ray diagnosisapparatus, an X-ray computer tomography (CT) apparatus or a magneticresonance instrument (MRI) apparatus, has widely applied forcardiovascular diagnosis and following observation of cardiology inaccompany with a development of catheter techniques.

Usually, for performing angiography, two dimensional (2D) or threedimensional (3D) image data is generated by reconstructing X-ray imagedata acquired through X-ray irradiations over the diagnosis targetregion along directions more than 180 degrees around the target region.In this case, when some region would have been dropped out from theacquired image, the reconstructed image appears artifacts. To avoidthis, for acquiring 2D or 3D images, X-ray irradiations have performedin a wide viewing field so as to sufficiently cover the imaging portionin 180 degrees. As a result, a serious problem of exposure dose on anobject has been increased since X-rays are irradiated on unnecessaryportion other than a region of interest in a diagnosis target region.

Generally, an X-ray diagnosis apparatus includes an X-ray generator andan X-ray detector so as to face each other by holding them on a C-armholder. Further, a collimator is provided between the X-ray generatorand the X-ray detector. The collimator includes a plurality of apertureblades for setting up a size and a position of an aperture so as thatX-rays emitted from the X-ray generator selectively irradiates onto anexamination target portion of an object.

A conventional method has been proposed to reduce X-ray exposure dose toan object by moving the aperture blades in an approaching or a secedingdirection to or from a center axis of X-ray beams so as to irradiateX-rays onto the diagnosis target region.

The aperture blades in the conventional collimator can be moved merelyin an approaching or a seceding directions to or from a center axis ofX-ray beams. Accordingly, when a diagnosis target region has a sphericalshape, such as a skull bone, having almost equal expanses in everydirection, unnecessary X-ray irradiations can be effectively eliminated.However, as illustrated in FIG. 5A, when X-ray irradiations areperformed to a diagnosis target region having a strong directionality,such as blood vessels, in the cardiovascular diagnosis, X-raysirradiated onto unnecessary regions of the diagnosis. This causes aserious problem of unnecessary X-ray exposure doses.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute partof this specification, illustrate various embodiments and/or features ofthe present invention, and together with the description, serve toexplain embodiments of the present invention. Where possible, the samereference number will be used throughout the drawings to describe thesame or like parts. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a total construction of an X-raydiagnosis apparatus consistent with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a construction of the X-rayimaging unit provided in the X-ray diagnosis apparatus shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 depicts a construction of the movable collimator provided in theX-ray imaging unit shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 depicts a construction of the aperture blades provided in themovable collimator shown in FIG. 3.

FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate X-ray imaging operations of an examinationtarget portion by limiting an irradiation region through the movablecollimator depicted in FIG. 4.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate figured of the aperture blades used for themovable collimator shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 shows a construction of the plane detector provided in the X-raydetecting unit depicted in FIG. 2.

FIG. 8 depicts an embodiment of the holding unit and the bed unitprovided in the X-ray diagnosis apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating various moving mechanismsprovided in the movable collimator, the holding unit and the bed unitdepicted in FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 shows imaging directions and imaging scopes in an actual imagingmode.

FIG. 11 illustrates an interest point designated in the examinationtarget portion of 2D image data in a preliminary imaging mode and 3Dregion of interest set up based on the position data of the interestpoint.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart for setting up the 3D region of interest in thepreliminary imaging mode.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for generating and displaying the 3D image datain an actual imaging mode.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The exemplary embodiments consistent with the present inventionaddresses these and other problems and drawbacks and provides an X-raydiagnosis apparatus and a method for controlling X-ray exposure dosethat can eliminate unnecessary X-ray irradiations onto periphery of atarget region and can reduce X-ray exposure dose to the object bysliding and/or turning a plurality of aperture blades in an X-raycollimator based on a figure of the target region having a strongdirectionality.

According to certain exemplary embodiments, an X-ray diagnosis apparatusobject includes an X-ray tube configured to generate X-rays to anexamination target portion of an object, an X-ray detecting unitconfigured to detect X-rays penetrated through the object, an X-raycollimating unit including a plurality of aperture blades for setting anirradiation region of the X-rays generated from the X-ray tube and adriving unit configured to rotationally move the X-ray tube and theX-ray detecting unit. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus object furtherincludes an image data generating unit configured to generate image databy performing a reconstruction process based on projection data detectedin accompany with the rotationally movements along a plurality ofdifferent imaging directions by the X-ray detecting unit, a region ofinterest setting unit configured to set up a region of interest on theexamination target portion, and an X-ray aperture controlling unitconfigured to control the X-ray collimating unit so as to slide and turnthe aperture blades in accompany with the rotationally movements, basedon the set up data of the region of interest and the imaging direction.

According to another exemplary embodiment, a method is provided forcontrolling X-ray exposure dose includes generating X-rays from an X-raytube to an examination target region of an object; detecting X-rayspenetrated through the object by an X-ray detecting unit; setting up anX-ray irradiation region a plurality of aperture blades through an X-raycollimating unit; and rotationally moving the X-ray tube and the X-raydetecting unit. The controlling method further includes generating imagedata by performing a reconstruction process of a plurality of differentimaging directions based on projection data of a plurality of differentimaging directions detected by the X-ray detecting unit in accordancewith the rotationally movements; setting up a region of interest to theexamination target region; and controlling the X-ray collimating unit soas to slide and move the aperture blades in accordance with therotationally movement based on the set up data of the region of interestand the imaging directions.

According to one exemplary embodiment, when image data is generatedbased on projection data acquired through X-ray irradiations to a regionof interest of an object, unnecessary X-ray irradiations to theperiphery of the region of interest can be inhibited by sliding and/orturning aperture blades of a movable collimator based on a figure of theregion of interest having a strong directionality in a prescribeddirection. Consequently, X-ray exposure dose in the X-ray imaging to theobject can be reduced.

In the following exemplary embodiment consistent with the presentinvention, X-ray diagnosis apparatus initially sets up a 3D region ofinterest on an examination target portion (blood vessel site) having astrong directionality, based on a plurality of 2D image data acquiredthrough X-ray imaging in a preliminary imaging mode to an object. Theimaging direction is successively renewed by turning the imaging systemat a periphery of the object. Then, X-ray imaging in an actual imagingmode is performed to the examination target portion before and afteradministrating a contrast agent by sliding and/or turning the apertureblades in the movable collimator based on a projected figure of the 3Dregion of interest to each of the imaging directions. A volume data isgenerated by performing a reconstruction process of a differenceprojection data generated through a subtraction process between a maskprojection data acquired through the X-ray imaging before administratingthe contrast agent and a contrast projection data acquired through theX-ray imaging after administrating the contrast agent. 3D image data ofthe examination target portion is generated by performing a renderingprocess of the volume data.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a construction of the X-raydiagnosis apparatus. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus 100 includes an X-rayimaging unit, an X-ray generating unit 2, an X-ray detecting unit 3, animage data generating unit 6, a holding unit 7, a bed unit 8 and amoving mechanism drive unit 9.

Both in a preliminary imaging mode for setting a region of interest ofan examination target site (blood vessel site) in an object 150 ondevices placed in a blood vessel, such as a stent or coils, and in anactual imaging mode for observing the placed blood vessel devices in theexamination target site, the X-ray imaging unit 1 generates projectiondata by irradiating X-rays on the examination target portion and bydetecting the X-rays penetrated through the target portion. The imagedata generating unit 6 generates 2D image data of a wide range based onthe projection data acquired in the preliminary imaging mode. The imagedata generating unit 6 further generates 3D image data of a narrow rangebased on the projection data acquired in the actual imaging mode. Theholding unit 7 supports the X-ray generating unit 2 and the X-raydetecting unit 3 for moving in prescribed directions around a peripheryof an object 150. Hereinafter these units are collectively referred toas an “imaging system”. The bed unit 8 moves a top plate placing anobject 150 in a prescribed direction. The moving mechanism drive unit 9supplies drive signals to various moving mechanisms provided in theholding unit 7 and the bed unit 8. The moving mechanism drive unit 9further detects position data of the imaging system and the top platebased on these drive signals.

The X-ray diagnosis apparatus 100 further includes a display unit 10, aregion of interest setting unit 11, an input unit 12 and a systemcontrol unit 13. The display unit 10 displays 2D image data in apreliminary imaging mode and a 3D image data in an actual imaging modegenerated through the image data generating unit 6. Based on an interestpoint indicated by the input unit 12, the region of interest settingunit 11 sets up a 3D region of interest to the examination targetportion indicated in the 2D image data. The input unit 12 inputs objectdata and various command signals, and sets up X-ray imaging conditionsincluding an X-ray irradiation condition, imaging directions in apreliminary imaging mode and an actual imaging mode and image datagenerating conditions, and designates interest points on 2D image datain the preliminary imaging mode. The system control unit 13 totallycontrols each of the units.

The X-ray imaging unit 1 includes, as illustrated in FIG. 1, an X-raygenerating unit 2, an X-ray detecting unit 3, a projection datagenerating unit 4 and a high voltage generating unit 5. The X-rayimaging unit 1 generates projection data based on X-rays penetratedthrough an object 150 by performing X-ray irradiation s both in apreliminary imaging mode and in an actual imaging mode. In thepreliminary imaging mode, X-ray irradiation is performed in a wide rangeby sliding and turning aperture blades of a movable collimator providedin the X-ray generating unit 2. In the actual imaging mode, X-rayirradiation is performed in a narrow range by sliding and turning theaperture blades of the movable collimator.

FIG. 2 illustrates a construction in the X-ray imaging unit 1, the X-raygenerating unit 2 and the high voltage generating unit 5. The X-raygenerating unit 2 includes an X-ray tube 21 for irradiating X-rays ontoan examination target region and a movable collimator 22 for formingX-ray cone beams irradiated from the X-ray tube 21. The X-ray tube 21generates X-rays by accelerating electrons emitted from a filament in ahigh voltage and by bombarding to a tungsten anode plate. The movablecollimator 22 is used both for reducing an exposure dose over an object150 and for increasing a quality of image data.

FIG. 3 illustrates a construction of the movable collimator 22. Themovable collimator 22 includes a plurality aperture blades (upperblades) 221, a plurality of lower blades 222 and a plurality ofcompensation filters 223. The plurality of upper blades 221 narrows theX-rays emitted from the X-ray tube 21 down to an irradiation region in apreliminary imaging mode and in an actual imaging mode. The plurality oflower blades 222 reduces scattered rays and leakage dose by moving inconnection with the upper blades 221. The compensation filter 223prevents halation by selectively reducing X-rays penetrated throughpenetrated through media having a low dosage. The movable collimator 22further includes an aperture blade moving mechanism 224. The apertureblade moving mechanism 224 moves and turns the plurality of apertureblades 221, the plurality of lower blades 222 and the plurality ofcompensation filter 223 in prescribed positions through wire ropes andpulleys.

FIG. 4 depicts a construction and function of the plurality of apertureblades (upper blades) 221 provided in the movable collimator 22. Toavoid redundant explanations, the construction and function of theplurality of lower blades 222 and the compensation filters 223 that aremoved in conjunction with the plurality of upper blades 221 are omitted.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the X-ray tube 21 and the plane detector 31 ofthe X-ray detecting unit 3 are provided so as to face the object 150each other. A plurality of aperture blades (upper blades) 221 of themovable collimator 22 is provided between the X-ray tube 21 and theobject 150. The upper blades 221 is constructed by a set of fouraperture blades 221 a through 221 d that can move in an approaching or aseceding direction (A direction) to or from a center axis Cr of X-raybeams and can rotate around a periphery of the center axis Cr in aprescribed direction (B direction). Each of the four aperture blades 221a through 221 d is coupled to the pulley (not shown) of the apertureblade moving mechanism 224 (FIG. 3) through wire ropes (not shown).

Thus, the aperture blade moving mechanism 224 shown in FIG. 3 canvoluntarily set up a size, a position and a direction of an X-rayirradiation region to an object 150 by moving each of the apertureblades 221 a through 221 d in the A direction and also by turning themin the B direction.

FIG. 5A illustrates an X-ray irradiation region set up by theconventional movable collimator. FIG. 5B illustrates an X-rayirradiation region set up by the movable collimator 22 having a rotatingfunction of the aperture blades 221 consistent with the presentinvention. In these examples show X-ray irradiation regions forperforming an X-ray imaging to follow by observation of an examinationtarget site (a blood vessel site) in which a coil b1 is put in ananeurysm a1 and a stent b2 is put in a peripheral normal blood vessela2. Such an examination target site has a strong directionality in aparticular direction. Since the aperture blades in the conventionalmovable collimator can be moved merely in an approaching or a secedingto and from the center axis Cr of X-ray beams (FIG. 4), X-rayirradiation is performed on a relatively wider region includingunnecessary regions for the examination as shown in FIG. 5A.

On the contrary, the movable collimator 22 consistent with theembodiment of the present invention can move the aperture blades 221a-221 d so as to approach and secede to and from the center axis Cr ofX-ray beams, and also can turn the aperture blades 221 a-221 d aroundthe center axis. Consequently, as illustrated in FIG. 5B, despite adirectionality of the examination target portion, unnecessary X-rayirradiations onto non-examination region can be significantly reduced.As a result, effective X-ray irradiations can be performed merely on theexamination target region. Accordingly, it becomes possible to reduceexposure dose during an X-ray imaging in an actual imaging mode.

When a size of viewing filed of the X-ray irradiations is varied toreduce X-ray exposure dose to an object 150 by rotating the movablecollimator 22, since an X-ray shielding characteristic of the apertureblade is uniformly fixed, significant intensity differences of contrastdensity would be occurred between a center portion and peripheralportions of projection image data. When image data is generated byreconstructing such projection image data having significant intensitydifferences of contrast density, the quality of the generated image datais deteriorated by the artifact generated due to non-continuity of theprojection image data.

To avoid this problem, according to the embodiment consistent with thepresent invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the aperture bladecan vary the X-ray shielding characteristics. For instance, asillustrated in FIG. 6A, each of four aperture blades 221 a-221 d isconstructed by piling up a plurality N (e.g., N=4) of X-ray shieldingplates 226 a-226 d that can slide in the A direction. Each of the X-rayshielding plates 226 a-226 d is connected to a pulley of the apertureblade moving mechanism 224 through a wire rope. The aperture blademoving mechanism 224 can arbitrarily set up an intensity distribution ofprojection data at periphery regions of the examination target region.

For instance, depending on the degree the non-continuity of theintensity distribution in the projection data, a moving amount of therespective X-ray shielding plates 226 a-226 d in the A direction iscontrolled. FIG. 6A depicts a configuration of the aperture blades 221having an edge angle αa formed by the aperture blade moving mechanism224 when the variation of the projection data at peripheral regions ofthe examination target region is relatively small. FIG. 6B illustrates aconfiguration of the aperture blades 221 having an edge angle αb (αb<αa)formed by the aperture blade moving mechanism 224 when the projectiondata largely varies at peripheral regions of the examination targetregion. The edge angle is automatically set up in accordance with a sizeof the examination target region or a size of 3D region of interest setup in the examination target region.

Turning back to FIG. 2, there are two kinds of methods for the X-raydetector 3 to detect cone beams irradiated from the X-ray generator 2.One is a method for using a plane detector and the other is a method forusing an image intensifier (I.I.) or an X-ray television. As the X-raydetecting unit 3 in this embodiment, a plane detector is used fordirectly converting X-rays into charges. Of course, another type of theplane detector also can be used.

The plane detector 31 in the X-ray detecting unit 3 is constructed bytwo dimensionally arranging small detection elements in a columndirection and a line direction. Each detection element includes aphotoelectric film for generating charges depending on the irradiatedX-rays, a condenser for accumulating the charges and a thin filmtransistor (TFT). To easy understanding, the plane detector 31 includestwo detection elements arranged in a column direction (up and downdirection of drawing) and a line direction (right and left direction ofdrawing).

As illustrated in FIG. 7, in the plane detector 31, a first terminal ofthe photoelectric films 312-11, 312-12, 312-21 and 312-22 is connectedto a first terminal of the capacitors 313-11, 313-12, 313-21 and 313-22.Further, each connecting point is connected to a source terminal of theTFTs 314-11, 314-12, 314-21 and 314-22. Each of photoelectric films312-11, 312-12, 312-21 and 312-22 is connected to a bias source (notshown), and a second terminal of the capacitors 313-11, 313-12, 313-21and 313-22 is grounded. Further, each gate of the TFTs 314-11 and 314-21along the line direction is commonly connected to an output terminal32-1 of the gate driver 32, and each gate of the TFT 314-12 and TFT314-22 is commonly connected to an output terminal 32-2 of the gatedriver 32.

In the column direction, drain terminals of TFT 314-11 and 314-12 arecommonly connected to a signal output line 319-1 and drain terminals ofTFT 314-21 and 314-22 are commonly connected to a signal output line319-2. The signal output lines 319-1 and 319-2 are connected to theprojection data generating unit 4. A gate driver 32 supplies drivingpulses to the gate terminal of TFT 315 for reading out signal chargesaccumulated in the capacitor 313 by the X-ray irradiation

Referring FIG. 2, the projection data generating unit 4 includes acharge/voltage converter 41, an A/D converter 42 and a parallel/serialconverter 43. The charge/voltage converter 41 converts charges read outfrom the plane detector 31 to voltages. The charges are readout in aparallel by a line or a column. The A/D converter 42 converts outputsfrom the charge/voltage converter 41 to digital signals. Theparallel/serial converter 43 converts the digitalized parallel signalsto time serial signals (projection data).

The high voltage generating unit 5 includes an X-ray control unit 51 anda high voltage generator 52. The high voltage generator 52 generates ahigh voltage for supplying between an anode and a cathode to acceleratethermal electrons generate from the cathode of the X-ray tube 21. TheX-ray control unit 51 controls X-ray irradiation conditions, such as atube current and a tube voltage in the high voltage generator 52, anirradiation time, and an irradiation timing, in accordance withinstruction signals supplied from the system control unit 13

Referring again FIG. 1, the image data generating unit 6 includes aprojection data memory 61, an image processing unit 62, a subtractionprocess unit 63, a reconstruction processing unit 64 and a renderingprocess unit 65. The projection data memory 61 generates two dimensional(2D) projection data by successively storing projection data suppliedfrom the projection data generating unit 4 in the X-ray detecting unit 3into a self memory circuit. For instance, in a preliminary imaging mode,two of 2D projection data are generated through X-ray irradiations alongthe orthogonally crossed imaging directions θa and θb set up to theobject 150, and the 2D projection data are stored into the memorycircuit in the projection data memory 61. In an actual imaging mode,before administrating a contrast agent into an object 150, a plurality Mof 2D projection data (hereinafter referred to as “mask projectiondata”) is generated through X-ray irradiations along the imagingdirection θ1 through θM imaging direction θ1 through θM by continuouslyturning around the imaging system around a periphery of the object 150.And the mask projection data is stored with attaching the respectiveimaging directions as collateral data. Similarly, after administrating acontrast agent into the object 150, X-ray irradiation is performed togenerate a plurality M of 2D projection data (hereinafter referred to as“contrast projection data”) along the imaging direction θ1 through θMimaging direction θ1 through θM by continuously turning around theimaging system around the periphery of the object 150. And the contrastprojection data is stored with attaching the respective imagingdirections as collateral data. The imaging directions θ1 through θM inthe actual imaging mode will be explained later in detail.

The image processing unit 62 includes an arithmetic circuit and a memorycircuit (both are not shown). The arithmetic circuit reads out 2Dprojection data acquired along the imaging directions θa and θb in thepreliminary imaging mode, and generates 2D image data (radiographicimage data) for setting a region of interest by performing imagingprocesses, such as an interpolation process and a filtering process, tothe 2D projection data. The acquired 2D image data is stored in thememory circuit.

The subtraction process unit 63 reads out mask projection data beforeadministrating a contrast agent and projection data after administratingthe contrast agent that region acquired along the imaging directions θ1through θM in an actual imaging mode together their collateral imagingdirection data from the memory circuit in the projection data memory 61.And the subtraction process unit 63 generates a plurality M of 2Ddifference projection data corresponded to the imaging directions θ1through θM by applying the rotational digital subtraction angiography(DSA) method that performs a subtraction process between mask projectiondata and contrast projection data acquired along the same imagingdirection. The acquired plurality M of difference projection data isstored in the memory circuit of the reconstruction processing unit 64 byadding data of imaging directions θ1 through θM.

The reconstruction processing unit 64 includes an arithmetic circuit anda memory circuit (both are not shown). The arithmetic circuit reads outthe plurality M of difference projection data generated and stored inthe subtraction process unit 63. And the reconstruction processing unit64 generates 3D projection data by performing a reconstruction processof the difference projection data based on the collateral imagingdirection data. Further, the reconstruction processing unit 64 generatesvolume data by processing a voxel interpolation of the 3D projectiondata. The rendering process unit 65 sets up opacity and a color tonebased on the voxel value of the volume data generated by thereconstruction processing unit 64. The reconstruction processing unit 64generates 3D image data (volume rendering image data) by performing arendering process of the volume data based on the opacity and colortone, and an observing point and a line of sight supplied from the inputunit 12.

FIG. 8 illustrates an practical construction of the holding unit 7 andthe bed unit 8. The holding unit 7 has a C-arm 71 for supporting theX-ray generating unit 2 and the X-ray detecting unit 3 at each of theedges portions, respectively. The bed unit 8 has a top plate 81 forplacing an object 150. To easily understand, a body axis direction ofthe object 150, e.g., a longitudinal direction of the top plate 81 isreferred to as y-direction, a vertical direction to a floor surface 160for providing the holding unit 7 and the bed unit 8 is referred to asz-direction, and an orthogonal direction to the y-direction andz-direction, e.g., a traversing direction of the top plate 81, isreferred to as x-direction.

The holding unit 7 includes a C-arm 71, an arm holder 72, an arm bracemember 73 and a floor circling arm 74. One edge portion of the floorcircling arm 74 is rotatably mounted so as to rotate around a floorrotation axis z1 vertical to the floor surface 160 in the arrowdirection d. At the other edge portion of the floor circling arm 74, anarm support 73 having an arm support rotation axis z2 parallel to thez-direction is rotatably mounted in the arrow direction c.

Further, on a side surface of the arm brace member 73, an arm holder 72is rotatably mounted so as to rotate around an arm main rotation axis z3parallel to the y-direction in the arrow b direction. On the sidesurface of the arm holder 72, the C arm 71 is mounted so as to freelyslide in the direction of the arrow a around the arm slide center axisz4. Each edge of the C arm 71, an X-ray generating unit 2 and an X-raydetecting unit 3 are mounted so as to face each other.

The X-ray detecting unit 3 mounted at one edge portion of the C arm 71can be moved in the arrow e direction. Further, the X-ray detecting unit3 can be freely rotated around the imaging system rotation axis z5 inthe arrow f direction in conjunction with the movable collimator 22provided in the X-ray generating unit 2.

Each of the units constructing the holding unit 7 includes a C arm slidemechanism for sliding the C arm 71 in the a-direction around the armslide center axis z4, a holder rotation mechanism for rotating the armholder 72 in the b-direction around the arm main rotation axis z3, asupport rotation mechanism for rotating the arm support 73 around thearm support rotation axis z2 in the c-direction and a floor circling armrotation mechanism for rotating the floor circling arm 74 around thefloor rotation axis z1 in the d-direction (all are not shown). Further,each of the units in the holding unit 7 includes an imaging systemmoving mechanism for moving the X-ray detecting unit 3 in thee-direction and an imaging system rotating mechanism for rotating theX-ray detecting unit 3 around the imaging system rotation axis z5 in thef-direction (both are not shown).

The bed unit 8 includes a vertical direction moving mechanism for movingup and down the top plate 81 for placing the object 150 in theh-direction (z-direction), and a horizontal direction moving mechanismfor sliding the top plate 81 in a longitudinal direction ga(y-direction) or a traversing direction gb (x-direction) (both are notshown).

By rotating or moving both the holding unit 7 and each unit provided inthe bed unit 8 in a prescribed direction, the imaging system provided atedge portions of the C arm 71 can locate at an appropriate position or adirection for X-ray imaging of an object 150 placed on the top plate 81.Thus, a desired imaging direction can be set up.

The moving mechanism drive unit 9 (FIG. 1) includes a mechanism driveunit 91, a mechanism drive control unit 92 and a position detecting unit93. FIG. 9 illustrates a practical embodiment of the moving mechanismdrive unit 9 for supplying drive signals to the movable collimator 22 inthe X-ray generating unit 2 and various moving mechanisms provided inthe holding unit 7 and the bed unit 8.

The aperture blade moving mechanism 224 provided in the movablecollimator 22 includes an aperture blade sliding mechanism 22 a and anaperture blade turning mechanism 22 b. The aperture blade slidingmechanism 22 a slides the aperture blade 221 in the A-direction so as toapproach or secede to or from a center axis Cr of X-ray beams. Theaperture blade turning mechanism 22 b rotates the aperture blade 221 inthe B-direction at a periphery of the center axis Cr.

The holding unit 7 includes a C-arm sliding mechanism 71 a, a holderturning mechanism 72 a, a support post rotating mechanism 73 a, floorcircling arm rotating mechanism 74 a, an imaging system moving mechanism75 a and an imaging system rotating mechanism 75 b. The C-arm slidingmechanism 71 a is provided at a connecting portion of the C-arm 71 andthe arm holder 72. The C-arm sliding mechanism 71 a slides the C-arm 71in the a-direction. The holder turning mechanism 72 a is provided at aconnecting portion of the arm holder 72 and the arm support post 73, androtates the arm holder 72 in the b-direction. The support post rotatingmechanism 73 a is provided at a connecting portion of the arm supportpost 73 and the floor circling arm 74, and rotates the arm support post73 in the c-direction. The floor circling arm rotating mechanism 74 a isprovided at a connection portion of the floor circling arm 74 and afloor surface 160, and rotates the floor circling arm 74 in thed-direction. Further, an imaging system moving mechanism 75 a and animaging system rotating mechanism 75 b are provided at a connectingportion of the edge of the C-arm 71 and the X-ray detecting unit 3. Theimaging system moving mechanism 75 a moves the X-ray detecting unit 3 inthe e-direction. The imaging system rotating mechanism 75 b rotates theX-ray detecting unit 3 in the f-direction.

A vertically moving mechanism 81 a and a horizontally moving mechanism81 b are provided in the bed unit 8. The vertically moving mechanism 81a lifts the top plate 81 for placing an object 150 up and down in theh-direction. The horizontally moving mechanism 81 b slides the top plate81 in the ga-direction and the gb-direction.

Drive signals generated by the mechanism drive unit 91 based on thecontrol signals supplied from the mechanism drive control unit 92 in themoving mechanism drive unit 9 are supplied to the aperture blade slidingmechanism 22 a and the aperture blade rotating mechanism 22 b in theaperture blade moving mechanism 224, C-arm sliding mechanism 71 a in theholding unit 7, the holder turning mechanism 72 a, the support postrotating mechanism 73 a, the floor circling arm rotating mechanism 74 a,the imaging system moving mechanism 75 a and the imaging system rotatingmechanism 75 b, and the vertically moving mechanism 81 a and thehorizontally moving mechanism 81 b in the bed unit 8.

Thus, by controlling the above-described moving mechanisms based on thecontrol signals generated in the mechanism drive control unit 92, asillustrated in FIG. 5B, aperture blades 221 a-221 d can be moved atappropriate positions so as that an opening formed by the apertureblades 221 almost coincide with a size of the examination target region.Further, the imaging system provided at the edges of the C-arm 71 can beplaced at a desired position to an object 150 placed on the top plate81.

The position detecting unit 93 in the moving mechanism drive unit 9detects position data of the imaging system provided on the C-arm 71 andposition data of the top plate 81 based on the drive signals generatedby the mechanism drive unit 91. The position detecting unit 93 furthercalculates imaging directions to the object 150 by using these positiondata. The acquired imaging direction data is supplied to the projectiondata memory 61 in the image data generating unit 6 through the systemcontrol unit 13. The imaging direction data is stored together 2Dprojection data acquired in the imaging directions θa and θb during apreliminary imaging mode or 2D projection data acquired in the imagingdirections θ1 trough θM during an actual imaging mode as collateral datafor the projection data.

FIG. 10 illustrates the imaging directions and the imaging scopes duringan actual imaging mode in the embodiment consistent with the presentinvention. The imaging system is continuously rotated around a peripheryan object 150 both before administrating a contrast agent and afteradministrating the contrast agent. Then, X-ray imaging along the imagingdirections θ1 through θM are performed by sliding and rotating theaperture blade 221 a-221 ds in the movable collimator 22 in a prescribeddirection. Based on the acquired mask projection data and the contrastprojection data, 3D image data is generated by reconstructing differenceprojection data in the imaging direction θ1 through θM. FIG. 10 depictsan imaging scope θ0 for acquiring the minimally required differenceprojection data for performing the reconstruction process. For thereconstruction process, it is needed to acquire a plurality ofdifference projection data at a prescribed angular interval in the scopeof 180 degrees plus a fun angle θf.

In this case, the imaging system is rotated by the C-arm slidingmechanism 71 a provided in the holding unit 7 or by the holder turningmechanism 72 a (FIG. 9). The sliding and rotating movements of theaperture blades 221 a through 221 d are executed by the aperture bladesliding mechanism 22 a and the aperture blade rotating mechanism 22 bconstructing the aperture blade moving mechanism 224 in the movablecollimator 22. The fan angle θf shown in FIG. 10 is determined based onthe X-ray irradiation angle emitted from the X-ray generating unit 2.

The display unit 10 (FIG. 1) includes a display data generator, a dataconverter and a monitor (all are not shown). The display data generatorcomposes (provides in parallel) 2D image data in the imaging directionsθa and θb supplied from the image processing unit 62 in the image datagenerating unit in a preliminary imaging mode. Further, when an interestpoint is designated by the input unit 12 for indicating an edge portionof a device (stent) placed in a blood vessel in the examination targetsite, the display data generator generates a first display data byoverlapping the 3D region of interest data set up on the examinationtarget portion by the region of interest setting unit 11 based on theinterest point data supplied from the input unit 12 and this interestpoint over the 2D image data. The display data generator furthergenerates a second display data by adding collateral data, such asobject data and X-ray imaging conditions to the 3D image data suppliedfrom the rendering process unit 65 in the image data generating unit 6in an actual imaging mode. The data converter converts the first andsecond display data into a prescribed displaying format. The converteddisplay data is displayed on a monitor by performing D/A conversion andthe television format conversion.

FIG. 11 illustrates the first display data displayed on a monitor in thedisplay unit 10 in the preliminary imaging mode, interest pointsdesignated by the input unit 12 on the examination target region of thefirst display data and 3D region of interest set up by the region ofinterest setting unit 11 based on the position data of the interestpoints.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, 2D image data Da (θa) and Db (θb) acquiredalong the imaging directions θa and θb in the preliminary imaging modeare displayed on the monitor in the display unit 10 as the first displaydata. Through the input unit 12, interest points Pa and Pb aredesignated at the edge portions of the stent b2 put in the blood vessela2 displayed in the first display data at the examination target region.By receiving the position data of the interest point, the region ofinterest setting unit 11 (FIG. 1) sets up a 3D region of interestsurrounding the examination target region Ri.

Thus, in the preliminary imaging mode, the first display data displayedon the monitor in the display unit 10 is constructed by arranging 2Dimage data Da (θa) acquired in the imaging direction θa and 2D imagedata Db (θb) acquired in the imaging direction θb orthogonally crossingthe imaging direction θa in parallel. As shown in FIG. 11, in each of 2Dimage data Da (θa) and Db (θb), a coil b1 placed in aneurysm a1 and astent b2 put in the blood vessel a2 are displayed as the examinationtarget region. When such a first display data is displayed in thedisplay unit 10, an operator designates the interest points Pa and Pbfor indicating edges of the stent b2 in each of 2D image data Da (θa)and Db (θb) by using an input device, such as a mouse, provided in theinput unit 12. The position data of interest points Pa and Pb aresupplied to the system control unit 13 through the input unit 12. Byreceiving the position data, the region of interest setting unit 11 setsup a 3D region of interest Ri of a length determined based on a linesegment connecting the interest points Pa and Pb and a width determinedoutside edges of the blood vessel a2 and the aneurysm a1.

By designating the interest points Pa and Pb in each of 2D image data Da(θa) and Db (θb), it becomes possible to identify the positioncoordinate of the edge portions of the stent in a 3D space. Accordingly,the region of interest setting unit 11 can sets up a 3D region ofinterest in the examination region based on the interest points Pa andPb.

The input unit 12 (FIG. 1) includes an imaging mode selection unit 121for selecting an imaging mode, an imaging condition setting unit 122 forsetting up X-ray imaging conditions including X-ray irradiationconditions and an interest point designating unit 123 for designating aninterest point to the 2D image data in the preliminary imaging mode. Theinput unit 12 inputs object data and various command signals throughinput devices, such as a display panel, a keyboard, a mouse, etc. Theinput unit 12 further sets up lengths and widths of 3D region ofinterest, and designates imaging directions both in the preliminaryimaging mode and the actual imaging mode and image data generatingconditions.

The system control unit 13 includes a CPU and a memory circuit (both notshown). The system control unit 13 stores the input data and the set updata supplied from the input unit 12 into the memory circuit. Then,based on these data, the system control unit 13 totally controls eachunit in the X-ray diagnosis apparatus to generate and display 2D imagedata in the preliminary imaging mode and 3D image data in the actualimaging mode.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a setting up process of 3D region ofinterest in the preliminary imaging mode according to the presentembodiment.

Prior to perform X-ray imaging to an object 150 in the preliminaryimaging mode, an operator of an X-ray diagnosis apparatus 100 performsan initial set up the apparatus through the input unit 12 (FIG. 12, stepS1). Thus, after inputting the object data, X-ray imaging conditionsincluding X-ray irradiation conditions, the imaging directions θa and θbin the preliminary imaging mode, imaging directions θ1 through θM in theactual imaging mode, image data generating conditions and lengths andwidths of 3D region of interest are set up. These input and set up dataare stored in the memory circuit of the system control unit 13.

When the apparatus has been initially set up, the operator selects thepreliminary imaging mode through the input unit 12 (FIG. 12, step S2)after moving the top plate 81 placing an object 150 to a prescribedposition, and inputs a start command for the preliminary imaging mode(FIG. 12, step S3). By supplying this command signal to the systemcontrol unit 13, an X-ray imaging in the preliminary imaging mode isstarted.

Thus, by receiving the start command signal of the preliminary imagingmode, the system control unit 13 reads out the set up data of theimaging directions θa and θb from the self memory circuit, and suppliesthem to the mechanism drive control unit 92 in the moving mechanism unit9. By receiving the set up data, the mechanism drive control unit 92supplies a mechanism drive control signal generated based on the set updata in the imaging direction θa to the mechanism drive unit 91. Themechanism drive unit 91 generates a drive signal based on the mechanismdrive control signal, and supplies to the holder turning mechanism 72 ain the holding unit 7 to set up the imaging system in the imagingdirection θa by rotating the C arm 71 (FIG. 12, step S4).

Then, the system control unit 13 supplies X-ray irradiation conditionsread out from the memory circuit and the X-ray generating command signalto the X-ray control unit 51 in the high voltage generating unit 5. TheX-ray control unit 51 controls the high voltage generator 52 based onthe X-ray irradiation conditions to supply a high voltage to the X-raytube 21 in the X-ray generating unit 2. The X-ray tube 21 irradiatesX-rays for the preliminary imaging mode onto the object 150 in aprescribed period through the movable collimator 22. The X-rayspenetrated through the object 150 are detected by the plane detector 31in the X-ray detecting unit 3.

In the plane detector 31, each photoelectric film 312 arranged in eachdetection elements 311 accumulates a signal charge proportioned to theX-rays penetrated through the object 150 to the capacitor 313. When theX-ray irradiation has finished, the gate driver 32 receives clock pulsesfrom the system control unit 13 and successively reads out theaccumulated signal charge from the capacitor 313 y supplying drivepulses to TFT 314 in the plane detector 31.

The read out signal charge is converted into a voltage in thecharge/voltage converter 41 of the projection data generating unit 4.Further, the A/D converter 42 converts the voltage to digital signal andstores in the buffer memory in the parallel/serial converter 43 asprojection data of a one line. The parallel/serial converter 43 readsout the projection data from the buffer memory in serial by a line, andsuccessively stores into the projection data memory 61 in the image datagenerating unit 6 to generate 2D projection data.

The image processing unit 62 generates 2D image data along the imagingdirection θa by performing imaging processes to 2D projection datagenerated in the projection data memory 61. The generated 2D image datais stored in the memory circuit of the image processing unit 62 (FIG.12, step S5).

When the storing of 2D image data along the imaging direction θa hasfinished, the system control unit 13 controls the moving mechanism driveunit 9 to set up the imaging system in the imaging direction θbsubstantially orthogonal to the imaging direction θa (FIG. 12, step S6).Further, the system control unit 13 controls to generate and store 2Dimage data along the imaging direction θb as described the step S5.

When 2D image data in the imaging directions θa and θb have beengenerated and stored, the display unit 10 displays the 2D image dataalong the imaging directions θa and θb read out from the memory circuitin the image processing unit 62 by arranging in parallel on the monitor(FIG. 12, step S7). By observing the two 2D image data displayed on themonitor, the operator designates the interest point at each edge portionof the stent put in the blood vessel displayed in the examination targetregion of 2D image data input unit 12 by using an input device (FIG. 12,step S8).

The position data of the interest point is supplied to the region ofinterest setting unit 11 through the system control unit 13. The regionof interest setting unit 11 sets up a 3D region of interest surroundingthe examination target region based on the position data (FIG. 12, stepS9).

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating generating and displaying steps of3D image data in an actual imaging mode consistent with the presentembodiment.

When the setting of a 3D region of interest to the examination targetregion has finished at the step S9 in FIG. 12, the operator selects anactual imaging mode through the input unit 12 (FIG. 13, step S11).Further, a start command for acquiring mask projection data is input byusing the input unit 12 (FIG. 13, step S12). By supplying theacquisition start command signal to the system control unit 13, anacquisition of the mask projection data of the object 150 in the actualimaging mode is started.

Thus, by receiving the acquisition start command signal, the systemcontrol unit 13 reads out the set up data on the imaging directions θ1through θM in the actual imaging mode from the self memory circuit andsupplies them to the mechanism drive control unit 92 in the movingmechanism drive unit 9. By receiving these set up data, the mechanismdrive control unit 92 mechanism initially supplies a mechanism drivecontrol signal generated based on the set up data along the imagingdirection θ1 to the mechanism drive unit 91. The mechanism drive unit 91supplies a drive signal generated based on the mechanism drive controlsignal and supplies to the holder turning mechanism 72 a in the holdingunit 7 for setting up the imaging system supported on an edge portion ofthe C-arm 71 in the first imaging direction θ1.

Further, the system control unit 13 supplies a 3D region of interestdata set up in the region of interest setting unit 11 to the mechanismdrive control unit 92 in the moving mechanism drive unit 9. By receivingthe set up data, the mechanism drive control unit 92 supplies amechanism drive control signal generated based on a projected figure ofthe 3D region of interest in the first imaging direction θ1 to themechanism drive unit 91. The mechanism drive unit 91 generates a drivesignal based on the mechanism drive control signal and supplies it tothe aperture blade moving mechanism 224 in the movable collimator 22 soas to locate the aperture blades 221 a-221 d by sliding and turning atan appropriate position for an X ray irradiation to the examinationtarget region (FIG. 13, step S13).

Then, the system control unit 13 supplies X-ray irradiation conditionsread out from the memory circuit and the X-ray generating command signalto the X-ray control unit 51 in the high voltage generating unit 5.Based on the X-ray irradiation conditions, the high voltage control unit41 supplies a high voltage to the X-ray tube 21 by controlling the X-raygenerating unit 2. The X-ray tube 21 irradiates X-rays to the object 150through the movable collimator 22 in a prescribed period. The X-rayspenetrated through the object 150 are detected by the X-ray detectingunit 3.

The projection data generating unit 4 generates projection data byperforming processes of the detected signals in the X-ray detecting unit3. By successively storing the acquired projection data in theprojection data memory 61, mask projection data in the imaging directionθ1 is generated (FIG. 13, step S14).

When the acquisition of mask projection data along the imaging directionθ1 has finished, the system control unit 13 successively rotates theimaging system in each of the imaging directions θ2 through θM bycontrolling each unit. Further, by sliding and rotating the apertureblades 221 a-221 d in the movable collimator 22 based on the projectedfigure of 3D region of interest in these imaging directions, X-rayimaging is performed onto the object 150. The projection data suppliedin time series from the X-ray imaging unit 1 is successively stored inthe projection data memory 61 for generating mask projection data alongeach of the imaging directions θ2 through θM. Thus, by repeating thesteps S13 and S14, the mask projection data generated along each of theimaging directions θ1 through θM is stored in the projection data memory61 together the imaging direction as collateral data.

Then, the operator administrates a contrast agent into the object 150(FIG. 13, step S15). At a time when the contrast agent reaches to theexamination target region, a contrast projection data acquisition startcommand is input through the input unit 12 (FIG. 13, step S16). Byreceiving the contrast projection data acquisition start command, thesystem control unit 13 moves the imaging system and the aperture bladesby totally controlling each of units in the X-ray diagnosis apparatus100 (FIG. 13, step S17). Further, the system control unit 13 performsX-ray imaging in the actual imaging mode along the imaging direction θ1through θM for generating and storing the contrast projection data (FIG.13, step S18).

Acquisition of the mask projection data and the contrast projection dataalong the imaging direction θ1 through θM have finished, the subtractionprocess unit 63 reads out the mask projection data before administratingthe contrast agent and the contrast projection data after administratingthe contrast agent acquired in these imaging directions together thecollateral data, i.e., the imaging direction data from the memorycircuit in the projection data memory 61, and generates a plurality M ofdifference projection data corresponding to the imaging directions θ1through θM by performing a subtraction process between the maskprojection data and the contrast projection data that are acquired alongthe same imaging direction. The difference projection data is stored inthe memory circuit in the reconstruction processing unit 64 by addingthe direction data of the imaging directions θ1 through θM (FIG. 13,step S19).

The reconstruction processing unit 64 reads out and performsreconstruction processes of the difference projection data based on thecollateral data of the imaging directions θ1 through θM to generatevolume data (FIG. 13, step S20). Then, the rendering process unit 65sets up an opacity degree and a color tone based on voxel value of thevolume data generated by the reconstruction processing unit 64. Byperforming a rendering process of the volume data based on the set upopacity degree and the color tone and a viewing point and a visual linedirection supplied from the input unit 12, the rendering process unit 65generates 3D image data (FIG. 13, step S21).

According to the above-mentioned rendering process, for generating imagedata based on projection data acquired through X-ray irradiations to aregion of interest of an object, unnecessary X-ray irradiations to theperiphery of the region of interest can be inhibited by sliding androtating the aperture blades in the collimator based on a figure of theregion of interest having a strong directionality. As a result, exposuredose to the object during the X-ray imaging can be reduced.

Particularly, since the sliding amount and the rotation angle areoptimized by each of imaging directions, appropriate and sufficientprojection data for a reconstruction process can be acquired, image dataof good quality can be generated through an X-ray imaging of a lowexposure dose.

According to the embodiment consistent with the present invention, theaperture blades provided in the movable collimator are constructed so asthat a shielding amount becomes gradually smaller into a center portion.Accordingly, even when an X-ray irradiation is performed to a relativelynarrow region through the aperture blades, the intensity distributionnear the periphery of projection data does not significantly change.Consequently, high quality image data can be generated by reducingartifacts due to non-continuity of projection data.

Since the above-described aperture blades are constructed by a pluralityof X-ray shielding plates that can independently slide to the centerdirection of the X-ray beam, it becomes possible to form the intensitydistribution of the projection data in accordance with the examinationtarget region so as to restrain occurrence of artifacts.

The embodiments of the present invention can be modified. For instance,while the stent is put in the normal blood vessel running a periphery ofthe aneurysm for preventing the coil slipping off from the neck portionof the aneurysm in the embodiments, it is possible to put a stent in theblood vessel to prevent a resteonis of a blood vessel that is treated bya balloon catheter. Further, it is possible to perform the X-ray imagingto a blood vessel in which a device does not put in. The examinationtarget region having a strong directionality may include lumen otherthan a blood vessel.

In the exemplary embodiments, a plurality of interest points isdesignated to 2D image data acquired along two orthogonal imagingdirections. Then, 3D region of interest surrounding an examinationtarget region is set up based on these interest points. Of course, inthe preliminary imaging mode, it needs not to use such two orthogonalimaging directions. For instance, 3D region of interest can be set upbased on 2D image data acquired along more than three imagingdirections.

While the interest points are designated to a plurality of 2D image dataacquired by the usual X-ray imaging in the above-described embodiments,it is also possible to designate the interest point on 3D image dataacquired by using the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) method orthe usual X-ray imaging. Further, the designation of the interest pointsis not limited to the edge portion of the medical treatment devices putin a blood vessel displayed on the image data, but can voluntarily bedesignate to the blood vessel or the devices put in the blood vessel.

In the above-described exemplary embodiments, a running direction of ablood vessel is detected based on the interest points and 3D region ofinterest having a prescribed length and a width is set up along therunning direction. It is also possible to designate the length and thewidth region of interest can be set based on an outline data of theblood vessel and the devices put in the blood vessel by automaticallyextracting from the image data in a preliminary imaging mode. Further,X-ray imaging in an actual imaging mode can be performed based on the 3Dregion of interest data of the examination target portion preliminarilymeasured by the X-ray diagnosis apparatus or another image diagnosisapparatus.

In the exemplary embodiments, the setting of an imaging direction isperformed by rotating the imaging system. It is also possible to performby sliding the C arm having the imaging system.

In the above-described exemplary embodiments, the plurality of apertureblades are turned so as that an effective X-ray irradiation is performedon an examination target portion having a particular directionality. Itis also possible to rotate the collimator itself by stead of rotatingthe aperture blades.

While certain embodiments, the X-ray imaging in an actual imaging modegenerates the volume data based on the difference projection datagenerated by using the DSA and 3D image data is generated based on thevolume data, the volume data can be generated based on 2D projectiondata acquired through a normal X-ray imaging. The image data generatedbased on the volume data does not limit to 3D image data. For instance,the image data generated based on the volume data may includesmulti-planar reconstruction (MPR) image data generated at a prescribedslice plane of the volume data and maximum intensity projection (MIP)image data projected the volume data in a prescribed direction.

While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments arepresented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit thescope of the invention. Indeed, the novel methods and systems describedherein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, variousomissions and changes in the form of the methods and systems describedherein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions.The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover suchforms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of theinventions.

1-12. (canceled)
 13. An X-ray diagnosis apparatus comprising: an X-raytube configured to generate X-rays to an examination target having aparticular directionality; an X-ray detecting unit configured to detectX-rays penetrated through the examination target; an X-ray collimatingunit including a plurality of aperture blades provided between the X-raytube and the X-ray detecting unit for setting an effective X-rayirradiation region on the examination target by sliding and turning theplurality of aperture blades so that the effective X-ray irradiation isperformed on the examination target depending upon the particulardirectionality; a driving unit configured to rotationally move the X-raytube and the X-ray detecting unit; a region of interest setting unitconfigured to set up a region of interest on the examination targetportion by executing a preliminary imaging mode for performing a 2Dimage reconstruction process on the examination target portion, anddefining a region of interest on a 2D reconstructed image; an X-rayaperture controlling unit configured to control the X-ray collimatingunit so as to slide and turn the plurality of aperture blades incorrespondence with the rotational movements, based on the set up dataof the region of interest and the imaging direction, and an image datagenerating unit configured to generate image data for performing a 3Dimage reconstruction process based on the defined region of interestfrom the 2D reconstructed image and projection data acquired incorrespondence with the rotational movements of the X-ray collimatingunit.
 14. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus according to claim 13, whereinthe X-ray aperture controlling unit slides each of the aperture bladesin an approaching direction or a seceding direction to or from thecenter axis of X-ray beams based on the set up data of the region ofinterest, and turns them all about the center axis of the X-ray beams.15. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus according to claim 13, wherein theX-ray movable control unit sets up X-ray imaging directions by rotatingor moving the imaging system including the X-ray tube, the X-raycollimating unit and the X-ray detecting unit around the periphery ofthe examination target region, and slides and rotates the apertureblades based on the projected figure of the 3D region of interest in theset up imaging direction.
 16. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus according toclaim 13, wherein each of the aperture blades is constructed so as thatan X-ray shielding amount is gradually reduced toward a tip portion ofthe blade at a nearer position to the center axis of X-ray beams. 17.The X-ray diagnosis apparatus according to claim 16, wherein each of theaperture blades is constructed by piling up a plurality of X-rayshielding plates, each plate can independently slide in an approachingor a seceding direction to or from the center axis of X-ray beams; andthe X-ray aperture controlling unit controls a moving amount of theX-ray shielding plate in accordance with the examination target region.18. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus according to claim 13, wherein theimage data generating unit generates difference projection data byperforming a subtraction process between the mask projection data beforeadministrating a contrast agent and the contrast projection data afteradministrating the contrast agent that are generated by the projectiondata generating unit in the X-ray imaging executed with successivelyrenewing the imaging direction at the periphery of the examinationtarget region, and generates at least one of 3D image data, MIP (maximumintensity projection) image data and MPR (multi-planar reconstruction)image data by performing a reconstruction process of the differenceprojection data acquired along each of the imaging directions.
 19. TheX-ray diagnosis apparatus according to claim 13, wherein each of theaperture blades is constructed so that the thickness of blade isgradually increased with going toward an outer edge portion of theblade.
 20. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus according to claim 16, whereineach of the aperture blades is constructed by piling up a plurality ofX-ray shielding plates, each plate can independently slide in anapproaching or a seceding direction to or from the center axis of X-raybeams; and the X-ray aperture controlling unit controls an inclinationof the X-ray shielding plate in accordance with the thickness of theexamination target region.
 21. A method for controlling an X-rayirradiation region comprising: generating X-rays from an X-ray tube toan examination target portion having a particular directionality;detecting X-rays penetrated through the examination target portion by anX-ray detecting unit; setting up an effective X-ray irradiation regionon the examination target portion by sliding and turning the pluralityof aperture blades so that the effective X-ray irradiation is performedon the examination target depending upon the particular directionalitythrough an X-ray collimating unit; rotationally moving the X-ray tubeand the X-ray detecting unit; setting up a region of interest to theexamination target region by executing a preliminary imaging mode forperforming a 2D image reconstruction process on the examination targetportion, and defining a region of interest on a 2D reconstructed image;controlling the X-ray collimating unit so as to slide and move theaperture blades in correspondence with the rotational movement based onthe set up data of the region of interest and the imaging directions,and to control movement of each aperture blade in the planar direction;and generating image data for performing a 3D image reconstructionprocess based on the defined region of interest from the 2Dreconstructed image and projection data acquired in correspondence withthe rotational movements of the X-ray collimating unit.